Cockroaches, also known as large shiny hard insects or dung cockroaches, are mentioned in the "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic". They are dried whole insects of the beetle species Catharsius molossus (Linn

Fulingmu, also known as Huangsongjie, Fushenxin, and Fulingmu. It is recorded in "Compendium of Materia Medica". It is the pine root in the middle of the fungus Fuling Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf. When

Snake bile is recorded in the book "Famous Physicians' Records". It refers to the gallbladder of various snakes, such as the Oriental Rat Snake (Zaocys dhumnades). After catching the snake, its abdome

Winter worm summer grass, also known as summer grass winter worm, insect grass, winter worm grass. Recorded in "Ben Cao Cong Xin". It is a complex of Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc., a fungus of the

Ajax, also known as donkey-hide gelatin or Fuzhi gelatin, is mentioned in the "Shennong Bencao Jing". It is a solid gelatin block processed from the skin of the donkey, a member of the Equus asinus Li

Yiner, also known as baimuer and bai'er. Recorded in the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia". It is the dried fruiting body of the fungus Tremella fuciformis Berk. of the family Tremellaceae. When the earlobes st

Huaihua, also known as Huairui, is a kind of dried flowers and flower buds of Sophora japonica L., a plant in the Leguminosae family. It is recorded in the "Shen Nong's Herbal Classic" as "Huai fruit"

Camphor, also known as chao brain or shao brain, is a granular substance obtained from the roots, stems, and leaves of the camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora) through distillation and refinement. It is

Turtle shell, also known as turtle plate or turtle shell, is the dorsal and ventral shell of the turtle Chinemys reevesii (Gray) from the turtle family. It can be captured throughout the year, with th

Swiftlet's nest, also known as bird's nest or bird's vegetable. Recorded in the book "Ben Jing Feng Yuan". It is the nest built by the saliva and feathers of the Collocalia esculenta Linnaeus, a bird