MSG is a traditional seasoning, mainly composed of monosodium glutamate (MSG), which can enhance the umami taste of food and is commonly used in soups and sauces. However, in recent years, there have been rumors that MSG can cause cancer. Is this true?
The Truth about MSG and Cancer
According to a survey conducted by CCTV, more than half of consumers have a negative perception of MSG. Many consumers believe that MSG contains carcinogens, but when asked which specific carcinogens, they are unable to provide an answer. So, what is MSG made of? Experts explain that the main component of MSG is monosodium glutamate, which breaks down into glutamate and sodium in the body. Glutamate has a flavor-enhancing effect, which is why MSG is able to enhance the taste of food.
Generally, glutamate dissolves at temperatures between 70°C and 90°C, dehydrates at 150°C, and undergoes intramolecular dehydration at temperatures above 200°C to become pyroglutamate. It is understood that glutamate is one of the essential amino acids for the human body and is harmless. It is found in many vegetables and fruits, so there is no carcinogenic effect. However, it is important to be cautious with the intake of sodium, which is another substance produced after the breakdown. Fortunately, the sodium content in MSG is only a small percentage and does not have any adverse effects.
Two groups of people should avoid consuming MSG
1. Infants
The World Health Organization recommends that infants should not consume MSG. This is because glutamate can combine with zinc in the blood, reducing the concentration of zinc. Glutamate enters the body of infants through breast milk or soup, leading to the formation of difficult-to-absorb glutamate zinc, which is then excreted, causing zinc deficiency in infants. Severe zinc deficiency can lead to intellectual disability, growth and developmental disorders, anemia, and incomplete development of reproductive organs.
2. People over 60 years old
MSG contains a certain proportion of sodium, and excessive consumption can make people feel thirsty. People over 60 years old need to strictly control their sodium intake. Therefore, the elderly, as well as those with hypertension, kidney disease, and metabolic syndrome, should consume MSG sparingly or avoid it altogether.
