Doping is a drug that athletes must prohibit, in order to better prevent athletes from unfair competition due to doping, for the time being the following categories are for example among the excitatory drugs.
Stimulants
Characteristics: Stimulant stimulants are the first stimulants to be used and the original stimulants, which are characterized by their rapid onset of action.
Hazards: Toxic side effects, a large number of consumption can easily cause sudden death, is the first banned stimulants.
Protein anabolic stimulants
Anabolic steroids are also known as anabolic steroids, the main role of these hormones in athletics is to promote protein anabolism, stimulate muscle cells and bone cells to produce new proteins to increase muscle and bone weight, so that athletes in a certain period of time to increase the intensity of training and prolong training time.
Hazards: These drugs are slow-acting and generally need to be taken for a longer period of time, so the toxic side effects of these stimulants are relatively longer and even occur after the athlete retires from competition. The potential toxic side effects can cause catastrophic consequences to the liver, cardiovascular system, and reproductive system, such as liver cancer, sudden death, and infertility.
Blood-based doping
Characteristics: These stimulants are mainly characterized by blood transfusion to make the organism contain higher concentration of red blood cells to obtain higher oxygen-carrying capacity and overcome various adverse disturbances to the central nervous system brought about by hypoxia. The main methods include the transfusion of autologous blood after prior extraction and storage, and the transfusion of allogeneic (other people's) homologous blood.
Hazards: These stimulants can aggravate the cardiovascular circulation and cause shock to the user; if the blood of others is imported, there is a risk of allergic reaction, causing acute hemolysis and accompanying kidney function damage; in addition, there is a risk of hepatitis and AIDS infection.
Endogenous peptide stimulants
Characteristics: After intravenous injection of (pro)erythropoietin, Xue Yanzhong's hemoglobin content and hematocrit rise, which in turn brings the benefit of increased oxygen-carrying capacity agent running endurance, and its effect is similar to blood-based stimulants.
Hazards: After the injection of (pro)erythropoietin blood will be in a highly viscous state, the flow is significantly slowed down, and becomes more significant after the loss of body fluids during exercise, which can affect the normal stability of the coagulation mechanism, greatly increasing the incidence of heart disease and stroke, and can even cause seizures, venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, etc.
Beta blocker stimulants
Features: These drugs were first used to treat diseases such as hypertension, angina pectoris and arrhythmia, and can also be used to treat anxiety and panic. The use of such stimulants on the playing field can improve the stability of the body, for example: shooting, archery, gymnastics and even golf.
Hazards: It can cause hypotension and heart rate slowdown, sleep disorders, sexual dysfunction, and even induce depression.
Diuretic stimulants
Features: Diuretics are commonly used in clinical practice to treat all types of edema symptoms and also for treating diseases such as hypertension. The reason why this drug is used on the playing field its main purpose is to dilute the urine to affect the probability of detection of prohibited drugs.
Hazards: The abuse and misuse of diuretics will bring about serious electrolyte disorders, disorders of fat metabolism, changes in glucose metabolism, changes in muscle blood flow, myopathy and a series of other adverse consequences.
Especially because athletes have a far greater chance of hyperthermia, dehydration, fatigue and glycogen depletion during exercise than ordinary people, they will bring more critical effects than ordinary people, and serious cases can be life-threatening.
Narcotic painkiller stimulants
Characteristics: Athletes inevitably get injured before training and competition, some of them risk using these drugs to relieve pain and even relaxation in order to be able to participate normally in sports competition until they persist and continue their sports time.
Harm: Because the body's pain protection mechanism is inhibited, forced exercise instead has the potential to aggravate the primary condition, or even lead to serious and longer sequelae. Long-term use is more at risk of drug addiction.
