Pregnant women are advised to choose effective and relatively safe drugs for the fetus, control the dosage strictly, and avoid combining medications if possible. Non-essential medications should be avoided, especially during the first three months of pregnancy. Before taking any medication, carefully read the instructions and consult with a physician or pharmacist to confirm its safety. In cases where a serious illness threatens the life of the pregnant woman and the use of teratogenic drugs cannot be avoided, priority should be given to saving the patient's life. The following are some teratogenic drugs commonly used:
Antibiotics: Most antibiotics can enter the fetus through the placenta, such as streptomycin, kanamycin, and kanamycin, which may affect the fetus's auditory nerve. Sulfonamides, tetracyclines, and other drugs can cause fetal congenital malformations and should be avoided. Penicillin and cephalosporins are relatively safe.
Antiviral drugs: Ribavirin, also known as ribavirin, has shown teratogenic and embryotoxic effects in almost all different types of animals and should be avoided by pregnant women. Acyclovir and ganciclovir are effective antiviral drugs for herpes virus, but their antiviral mechanism is not yet clear, so they should only be used in pregnant women with life-threatening disseminated herpes. Ribavirin, used to treat viral infections, should also be avoided by pregnant women.
Antifungal drugs: Amphotericin B should be the first choice for the treatment of deep fungal infections during pregnancy, but caution should still be exercised, especially during the first three months of pregnancy. Topical drugs such as miconazole commonly used to treat fungal vaginitis should also be used with caution.
Antihypertensive drugs: Diuretics should not be used during pregnancy to prevent blood concentration and reduce effective circulating blood volume. Atenolol and methyldopa are not recommended. Magnesium sulfate should also not be used as an antihypertensive drug. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists are prohibited.
Antidiabetic drugs: The use of oral antidiabetic drugs in pregnant women lacks research. Therefore, for pregnant women whose blood sugar levels cannot be controlled through lifestyle interventions, insulin is recommended.
