One of the plants in the Ranunculaceae family in the snow mountains is the Aconitum gymnandrum, which is mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region of China. It is a highly toxic medicinal herb widely used in Tibetan medicine. Now let's introduce the first aid methods for Aconitum gymnandrum poisoning.
Picture of Aconitum gymnandrum
I. Common first aid treatments
The common first aid treatments for Aconitum gymnandrum poisoning include the following:
(1) Inducing vomiting.
(2) Gastric lavage with 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution.
(3) Oral administration of 50ml of 50% sodium sulfate for laxative effect.
(4) For severe vomiting and diarrhea, after gastric lavage, there is no need to use laxatives. Instead, magnesium oxide 10g, tannic acid 10g, and medicinal charcoal 20g can be mixed with warm water to form a paste for oral administration. If there is no bowel movement, a 2% saline enema can be used for laxative effect.
(5) High-dose atropine can be used to counteract the stimulation of the vagus nerve. The specific dosage can be adjusted according to the severity of poisoning. Mild cases can be treated with subcutaneous or intramuscular injection, while severe cases can be treated with intravenous injection. The usual dosage is 0.5-1mg every 2-4 hours. For severe poisoning, the dosage can be increased and the interval between repeated doses can be shortened.
(6) Administration of 5% or 10% glucose solution to promote the excretion of toxins.
(7) Symptomatic treatment can be given for shock, arrhythmia, convulsions, metabolic acidosis, etc.
(8) Blood purification therapy can be performed for some severe cases to completely remove toxins from the body.
(9) Hyperbaric oxygen therapy can be used for patients in the recovery period.
Picture of Aconitum gymnandrum
II. Tibetan medical treatment
Based on the primary medical conditions in Tibet and the special requirements of some patients, Tibetan medicine can be used to treat acute drug poisoning. The main methods include:
(1) Inducing vomiting
For patients with short duration of poisoning, clear consciousness and cooperation, they can be given a large amount of warm water (about 500ml) to drink, and then stimulate the throat with fingers to induce vomiting. If the effect is not satisfactory, Bento Tang or Dajiu Jiajian Shui Tang can be used for gastric lavage and induced vomiting. This method can be repeated, but it should not be used for patients with long duration of poisoning and severe condition.
(2) Laxative therapy
Generally used as a complementary detoxification method after inducing vomiting, it is recommended to take 3-5 pills of Liwei Nengxiao Wan or mix 1-5g of Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii with the laxative. This method should be used with caution for patients with weak constitution or a history of gastrointestinal ulcer.
(3) Adjusting the treatment with medicines
Tibetan medicine usually adopts a comprehensive treatment of gathering, eliminating, and excreting for Aconitum gymnandrum poisoning. However, for acute poisoning, detoxification medicines such as Jinhui Qingdu San, Wangri Jiedu Wan, Shierwei Shanglu Kacazu San, and Shisanwei Honghua Kacazu San can be directly used for neutralization and elimination.
(4) Symptomatic treatment
For symptoms such as restlessness, palpitations, shortness of breath, arrhythmia, coma, and late-stage physical weakness after treatment, symptomatic treatment should be given according to the condition.
