The traditional Chinese medicine "Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao" is a widely spread and used medicine for pain relief in Sichuan. It is a highly toxic Tibetan medicinal herb that is widely distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region. Let's learn about the pharmacological effects of Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao!
Image of Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao
Modern clinical studies in pharmacology have shown that Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao is warm in nature, bitter and spicy in taste, and highly toxic. It can dispel wind and dampness, reduce inflammation, and relieve pain. It is used for rheumatism, bruises, swelling and pain, as well as toothache, with significant therapeutic effects.
Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao is mostly used externally and should be used with caution when taken internally. It is recommended to take under the guidance or supervision of a physician. The general dosage for internal use is 25-50mg once a day, with a maximum dosage of 70mg.
Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao was officially included in the "Yunnan Provincial Drug Standards" in 1974 and the "Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China" in 1977.
Due to its strong toxicity, the therapeutic dosage is close to the toxic dosage. It has been listed as a nationally controlled special medicine. Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao A, B, C, and D have analgesic effects. The total alkaloids of Fumaria officinalis have a stronger analgesic effect. Acetyl aconitine is a non-addictive analgesic that has significant inhibitory effects on inflammation, swelling, and granulation tissue growth. The total alkaloids of Fumaria officinalis have strong local anesthetic effects. Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao has a similar effect to digitalis on frog hearts, and the resulting heart dysfunction can be antagonized by atropine.
Image of Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao
A and B of Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao have aconitine-like effects on the heart. Xuanwei Aconite has anti-tumor effects. Chuanwu Aconitine and European Aconitine have anti-fertility activity. Fumaria officinalis can cause arrhythmia and hypotension.
The salts of Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao A, B, C, and D have analgesic effects on mice. Some people have used Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao A alkaloid in hot plate experiments, and its analgesic index is only 1/11 of morphine, so its analgesic efficacy is not ideal.
Xue Shan Yi Zhi Hao has a similar effect to digitalis on frog hearts, and the resulting heart dysfunction can be prevented by atropine and quinine. Symptoms of parasympathetic nervous system excitation are observed during poisoning.
Iron hammer is highly toxic to mice. When administered through oral gavage with 100% decoction, the lethal dose is equivalent to 0.08-0.3g of raw material per 10g of body weight.
Mice cannot distinguish between 20% iron hammer bait and normal food, so it can be used for rodent control.
The subcutaneous injection of Aconitine A at a dose of 100mg/kg can increase the pain threshold of mice by 47%. Its analgesic index (lethal dose/minimum analgesic dose) is 1/11 of morphine. The median lethal dose of subcutaneous injection in mice is 754mg/kg.
