How does melasma form

Melasma is a common hyperpigmented skin disease occurring on the face. It is mostly symmetrically distributed on cheeks, forehead, nose, lips and chin; the patches are brown, dark brown or light black, varying in size and shape; melasma is more common in women, how is melasma formed? The following are some common causes of melasma.

Pregnancy induced melasma

Women are prone to chloasma when they are 3-5 months pregnant, so chloasma is often called "stretch mark". Melasma during pregnancy may be due to the combined effect of estrogen and progesterone, which stimulate melanocytes to be active and increase melanin production.

Improper sun protection measures induce melasma

In the hot weather in summer, if exposed to the sun for a long time, human skin is exposed to a large amount of ultraviolet radiation. In order to avoid skin cells being oxidized, human body secretes a large amount of melanin to protect, which leads to pigmentation and dark spots. Ultraviolet radiation activates tyrosinase activity, which enhances melanocyte proliferation and activity and accelerates melanin synthesis, causing facial pigmentation.

Improper use of skin care products induces chloasma

Some women use various cosmetic skin care products with different ingredients for years, which contain too many harmful ingredients such as preservatives, fungicides, metals, pigments and fragrances, etc. The accumulation of harmful ingredients for a long time can lead to a series of skin problems, and melasma is one of them. The consequences of using poor quality cosmetics for a long time are even more serious, and it is recommended that women should choose cosmetics with natural or organic ingredients.

Drug abuse induces melasma

Some reports show that among young and middle-aged women who take oral contraceptives, the incidence of melasma is higher than that of women who do not take the pill, whether they take it continuously or intermittently. Those who have melasma induced by medication should use the medication reasonably under the guidance of doctor, and it is better to switch to other medication if necessary.

Melasma is triggered by bad habits

Smoking and drinking, prolonged exposure to the computer, staying up late for a long time, or insufficient sleep time and poor sleep quality can all trigger the formation of melasma. Therefore, for the sake of skin health, it is better to smoke and drink less, avoid long hours on the computer and stay up late, and keep enough sleep.

Psychological stress induces chloasma

Long-term stress will slow down the metabolism of human body, and the supply of nutrients needed by the skin will be insufficient, so the pigment cells will be more active and the chloasma will grow more and more. Therefore, to avoid the generation of melasma, you should keep your mood relaxed in daily life, avoid anxiety and worry, and choose effective measures to reduce stress, such as exercising, listening to music and talking to others to better help prevent melasma.

Chronic diseases induce melasma

Most women who suffer from common reproductive system diseases such as irregular menstruation, dysmenorrhea, uterine adnexitis and infertility can cause chloasma, which is mainly caused by endocrine disorders. In addition, chronic gastrointestinal diseases, hyperthyroidism, liver disease, tuberculosis, tumor, etc. can also trigger chloasma.