The efficacy and effects of musk

Musk is the secretion of the bursal gland of the stag, dried with a special fragrance, eaten with a bitter taste, often used as a spice, but also as a Chinese herbal medicine, so what are the effects and functions of musk?

Nerve stimulating

Musk has excitatory effects on the nerve, musk water, suspension through intravenous injection and lateral brain injection can make animals in a state of wakefulness and alert, some animals will also be accompanied by behavioral agitation, indicating that musk has the role of excitation of the nervous system, and can be directly through the brain barrier to the nervous system.

Enhance neurological oxygen tolerance

Intraperitoneal injection of 200 mg/kg of musk significantly prolonged the survival time of mice under hypoxia in normoxic environment without reducing their spontaneous activity, and the simultaneous recording of ECG and EEG in rats proved that this effect was due to the increased tolerance of the central nervous system to hypoxia.

Cardiotonic

Natural musk 0.5-2mg/ml can increase the amplitude of contraction, contractility and cardiac output of isolated toads, while musk ketone 0.04-1mg/ml shows cardiac depression and does not have the cardiotonic effect of natural musk. The earliest experiments have also shown that both synthetic and natural musk ketones exhibit excitatory effects on the heart of the in vivo toad. Therefore, musk has a significant cardiotonic effect.

Blood pressure lowering

Musk ether extract 150μg/kg or 300μg/kg intravenously can cause a decrease in blood pressure and a mild slowing of heart rate in anesthetized dogs, but it has no significant effect on the difference between arterial and venous oxygen partial pressure and coronary sinus flow in the heart, and the effect is more obvious in large doses, and it can counteract the excitatory effect of isoprenaline on the heart, therefore, musk has a strong hypotensive effect.

Anti-inflammatory

Natural musk suspension 500mg/kg, ether extract 65mg/kg or 130mg/kg injected intraperitoneally all had significant inhibitory effects on croton oil-induced auricular swelling in mice. Musk aqueous extracts with different doses and various administration methods showed significant inhibitory effects on agaric arthritis, yeast arthritis, adjuvant-type polyarthritis and cotton ball granulomatous proliferation in rats.

Enhancement of immunity

Musk was observed to have no inhibitory effect on the production of antibody gavage M in mice immunized with intraperitoneally injected sheep red blood cells. It seems to have an enhancing effect. Musk had no immune inducing effect, but in the presence of antigenic sheep erythrocytes, musk could significantly enlarge the spleen of experimental mice.

Anti-early pregnancy

Natural musk has a significant excitatory effect on the isolated uterus of pregnant rats, rabbits or guinea pigs after abortion. It induced a gradual increase in uterine contraction and a faster rhythm, more pronounced in the uterus of rabbits in the second trimester. Preterm labor and miscarriage may occur in early pregnancy just by smelling musk. It has a strong and specific anti-preterm pregnancy effect.

Induces the birth of the next child

Musk can be used clinically in many cases of obstructed labor, stillbirths, and difficult to deliver babies by using its blood-activating properties, often in combination with cinnamon. Musk was also a common contraceptive in ancient times.